Titus Aurelius Fulvus Boionius Arrius Antoninus Pius (September 19 86–March 7 161) was Roman emperor from 138 to 161. He was a for of the Five Good Emperors.

He was a boy of Titus Aurelius Fulvus, a Roman consul whose family come from either Nemausus (Nîmes). Antoninus Pius was innate touching Lanuvium. Fallowing a demise of his father, he was brought higher under a care of Arrius Antoninus, his maternal granddad, the human of integrity & culture, & the friend of Pliny the Younger.

Getting filled using to a higher degree common profits a agents of quaestor and praetor, he obtained a consulship inside 120; he was next appointed by the Emperor Hadrian as one of the quaternity ex-consuls to administer Italy, then greatly increased his reputation by his conduct when proconsul of Asia. He acquired lot favor using a Emperor Hadrian, world health organizatiin adopted him when his boy & successor on February 25, 138, after a dying of his foremost adoptive boy Aelius Verus, on a condition that he himself would adopt Marcus Annius Verus, the boy of his married woman's brother, & Lucius, boy of Aelius Verus, world health organization later on became a emperors Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Aelius Verus (colleague of Marcus Aurelius).

Antoninus within several ways was a ideal of the landed gentleman praised non just by ancient Romans rather Varro and Cato the Elder, but late scholars of authoritative history, like Edward Gibbon or the author of the article in Antoninus Pius in the 9th edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica:

Of the public dealing of this time i have short tools, however, to judge by what i personally possess, victims twenty-both years were non remarkably consequential compared to to victims prior even to & fallowing his; a living grounds to believe is non complete plenty to determine whether i should interpret, by using older scholars, that he sagely curtailed the activities of the Roman Empire to a careful minimum, or peradventure that he was uninterested inside cases out of Rome & Italy and his inaction contributed to a urgent troubles that faced non exclusively Marcus Aurelius however likewise the emperors of the third century.

One of his 1st acts when Emperor was to persuade a Senate to grant divine honors to Hadrian, which they experienced at a start refused; his efforts to persuade a Senate to grant these honors is one of the reasons given for his title of Pius (duteous around warmness; compare pietas). 2 more reasons for this title come that he would trend lines his aged father-within-law sustaining his h& at Senate meetings, and that he got economized victims men that Hadrian, when you took his period of ill-health, got condemned to demise. He built temples, theaters, & mausoleums, promoted a arts & sciences, & bestowed honors & earnings upon a teachers of rhetoric and philosophy.

His reign was relatively peaceful; there were many military disturbances throughout a Empire around his instance, within Mauretania, Iudaea, and amongst a Brigantes in Britain, but none of the two come considered good. A unrest around Britain is believed to own led to the construction of the Antonine Wall from the Firth of Forth to the Firth of Clyde, although it was soon abandoned.

Within his farm relations Antoninus was non therefore fortunate. His married woman, Faustina the Elder, has almost be the saw for her deficiency of feminine virtue; however she seems to stand saved her hang in to on his fondness to the go. In her demise in the third season of his reign, he honored her memory per foundation of the charity for orphan girls, world health organization wore a title of Alimentariae Faustinianae, charted a practice of anterior emperors inside endowing an alimentaria to promote the welfare of tykes & an increased people. He experienced by her deuce sons & 2 girl; however it entirely died prior to his elevation to the potty, except Annia Faustina, who became a married woman of Marcus Aurelius.

Antoninus died of fever at Lorium in Etruria, about dozen miles from either Rome, in March 7 161, giving a keynote to his life in a go word that he uttered after the tribune of a night-follow come to ask the parole — "aequanimitas".

A just account of his life handed down to united states of america is that of Julius Capitolinus, one of a Scriptores Historiae Augustae.

Contacts with China
A Hou Hanshu (History of the Later Han Chinese dynasty) recounted the number one of many Roman embassies to China sent out by Emperor Antoninus Pius. A mission come from either a South, & so probably by sea, typing China per frontier of Jinan or Tonkin, bringing presents of rhinoceros horns, ivory, and tortoise shell which had probably been acquired around Southern Asia.

A emperor was probably actually Marcus Aurelius, who was a ruling emperor. Antoninus Pius died withwithin 161, when a convoy arrived in 166. A confusion arises because Marcus Aurelius took when extra list, victims of his predecessor as a mark of respect. He is referred to around Chinese history as "An Tun" (= Antoninus), hence a confusion.

A mission reached a Chinese capital of Luoyang in 166 and was met by Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty. All about the equivalent period, & even across this embassy, a Chinese acquired a treatise of astronomy from Daqin (Rome).